John gustafson



(No Model.)

- J. GUSTAFSON. HYDRAULIGAIR COMPRESSOR.

Pat'ented Nov. 21.1893.

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THE NATIONAL Lmgoauwuma COMPANY.

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i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN GU'STAF'SON, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORIQASSIGNOR OF ONE-THIRD TO DANIELROLLINS BROWN, OF SAME PLACE.

K HYDRAIULIC AIR-COMPRESSOR.

SPECIFICATION formingpart'ormetters Patent No. 509,220, dated November'21,1'893.

Appueaion nea February 9,1892. serial 110.420.919. cromati Y To all whomit may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHN GUs'rAFsoN, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kingsand State of New York, have invented a new and useful HydraulicAir-Compressor, of which the following is a specification.

This invention'relates to a new and useful alr compressor 'designedespecially for compressing air to be usedfor the atomization of liquids,and the objectsl have in Vview are, rst, to provide a device of thiskindthat can be readily attached to an ordinary 'faucet and fed by a supplyof Water therefrom while the water may at the same time be used forotherl purposes, the use of the compressor not intertering wlth thesupply Aof water 'from other faucets in the same building. Y t Y'Another object is to provide an air compressor that will be entirelyautomatic and whlch w1ll cease its operation as soon 'as the egress ofair from the compressor is checked andwlll automatically begin operatingas soon as the egress of the air is again permitted.

Another object is toprovide a device by which a supply of air sufcientfor atomizing purposes will be furnished immediately upon turning on thewater, and the loss of time ordmarilyinvolved in filling a receiver bymeans of an air-pump be avoided.

Another object is to provide adevice thatV will deliver through theatomizing pipes a continuous stream of air making a continuous sprayunder a constant and uniform pressure which is equal to the pressure ofthe water and can be maintained indefinitely.

Another object is to provide an air compressor with which the differentatomizers,

atomizing tubes andinhalers can be used-with or without the interventionof a receiver.-

Another object is to provide an air compresser that is adapted tocompress and deliver puried air.

Other objects of the invention will appear from the following detaileddescription taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, 1nwhich- Figurel is a'perspective View of my improved a1r compressor. Fig.2 is a central vertical section of the same showing also a portion ofthe faucet to which vthe device is attached. Fig. 3 is a view similar toFig. 2 but showing the plunger in its elevated position. l

In the drawings, 2 represents a suitable tube or casing preferably'ofcylindrical form and having a loweropenl end and its upper end beingclosed and provided with an-inlet valve 3 and an outlet valve 5'. Asuitable plate 7 is fastened to the end-of the cylinder over thesevalves and is provided with projecting nipples9 and 11 to which rubbertubes maybe attached and through which the air may be delivered to thecompressor and from which it may be conducted either directly to anatomizer, inhaler or other device with which it is to be used, or to asuitable receiver in which it is to be stored and from which'it may beused as occasion requires. The valves 3 and 5 may be of any ordinaryconstruction and arranged in `any suitable manner. I have here shownsmall flat springs secured to the end of the cylinder so as to cover theinlet and outlet openings.V The cylinder2 is provided with the intake,water pipe 13 and the upper end of this'pipe is preferably connectedtoa plate or disk 15 which has its inner side for greater strengthsecured to the wall of the cylinder. The pipe 13 is preferably inclinedas shown, and the device is adapted to be attached to an ordinary faucetso as to bring the open end of the faucet 17 in position tosubstantially coincide with the open end of the pipe 13. A washerorpacking ring 19 may be arranged upon the upper end of the pipe 13 so asto form a closed joint with the end of the faucet.

Any suitable means may be provided for securing the device to thefaucet. I have here shown a ring 21'secured to the plate l5 by a seriesof thumb screws 23 and with a series of radially arranged thumb screws25 in said ring'. ABy this means the ring 21 being slipped over the endofthe faucet and the screws 25 tightened against it, and the screws 23tightened so as to'draw the plate 15 `firmly against the end of Vthefaucet, the device may be securely attached to the faucet, and this maybe done very readily and the device may be as readily and easilydetached.

Arranged in the tube or cylinder 2 is a piston or plunger 27 arranged tomove length- IOO Wise in said cylinder. One end of the cylinder 2 ispreferably open and a partitionor cross wall 29 is arranged thereinbetween this open end and the point where the pipe 13 joins saidcylinder. This partition may be fixed in the cylinder by any suitablemeans, as for instance, by the screws 31, shown in Fig. .1, which extendthrough the Wall of the cylinder. The partition 29 is provided with anopening 33 and a valve 35 is arranged over this opening and is securedupon the valve stem 37. This stem may be passed through the cross bar 39preferably arranged below the partition 29. The valve 35 when closedshuts the opening 33 and prevents the passage of waterthrough thepartition 29. The piston 27 is provided preferably on the side towardthe partition 29 with a series of air charnbers 41 extending foraconsiderable distance into said piston. This piston is also preferablyprovided with a suitable packing 43 forming a close joint with the wallof the cylinder 2. The valve stem 37 extends into an opening 44 in saidpiston passing preferably through a bushing or stuffing box 45. Thevalve stem is preferably provided with the three collars 47, 49 and 51.The collar 47 is arranged near the end of the valve stem and is adaptedwhen the valve is opened the desired distance to strike against thecross bar 39 and limit its further movement. The collar 49 is upon oneside of the threaded bushing or stuffing box 45, and the collar 51 uponthe other, and Within the opening 44 in said piston. The collars 49 and51 limit the movements of said piston. A series of springs 53 isconnected to the piston 27 and to the valve,

35, projecting ears 55 being preferably provided upon said valve and towhich said springs are connected. As the water enters the tube orcylinder through the pipe 13 it presses the valve 35 close to its seatand forces the piston to rise. The spiral springs 53 are distended andthey are so adjusted that their tension is less than the minimumpressure exerted on the top side of the valve by the water, and hencethey are not able to lift the valve off its seat until the piston isadvanced so far as to cause the bushing 45 to come in contact with thecollar 51 on the top end of the valve stem. The force exerted by thewater against the larger area of the piston is greater than the onetending to hold the valve down, and the valve is thereby lifted off itsseat and the pressure upon the valve so much reduced that the spiralsprings are able to pull the valve up until the collar 49 on the bottomend of the rod comes in contact with the cross bar 39, in which positionthe valve will be held by the springs until the piston descends andpushes the valve down by striking the collar 49. To enable the piston toraise the valve the resistance of the compressed air above the pistonmust be reduced at the top of the stroke, and for that purpose the smalloutlet opening 57 is provided in the tube or cylinder and a pivotedlever or valve 59 is arranged in the cylinder to close this opening.During the greater part o f the up stroke of the piston the opening 57is closed by the valve 59, but shortly before the valve 35 is to beopened the piston engages the valve 59 and moves it so as to open. thesmall air vent thereby removing the air pressure from the top of thepiston.

The air chambers 41 arranged in the piston are essential toa fastWorking hydraulic air pump of this kind'. The air confined in thesechambers serves as a cushion and prevents the j ar which would resultfrom the dow of water being shut off so quickly, thus enabling thestream of Water to dow from the faucet almost uninterruptedly. The smallescape valve 57 in the cylinder is also important as it makes itpossible to compress air into a receiver up to the full static pressureof the water. Without this feature the simple valve arrangement thereinshown could not be used.

It will be seen that this air pump or compressor is exceedingly simpleconsisting of but vfew parts, and it will not readily wear out or getout. of order. As soon as the water is turned on the device beginsoperating and this continues as long as the water is running until thereis a back pressure upon the piston that the pressure of the water willnot overcome. The piston then remains stationary with the valve 35closed so that none of the water can escape until the pressure in thereceiver or exit tube is reduced when the device will again begin tooperate.

I am thus enabled by using this device to maintain a constant anduniform pressure either in the outlet tube or in the receiver that isconnected to the compressor, and the Water may be constantly turned onto the device and the device will only voperate when it has work to do.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination in an air compressor, with asuitable cylinder or casing having air inlet and outlet openings, of aplunger arranged in said cylinder, a water valve in said cylinderconnected with said plunger and arranged to be opened and closed as theplunger reaches the limits of its movements, springs 53 forming apositive, permanent connection between said valve and said plunger, andan inlet pipe connected with said cylinder at a point between saidplunger and said valve.

2. The combination in an air compressor, of the cylinder, and air inletand outlet openings and valves, a plunger arranged in said cylinder andarranged to be moved in one direction by hydraulic pressure, a watervalve in said cylinder arranged to be opened and closed as the cylinderreaches the limits of its movements, and springs forming a positive,permanent connection between said valve and said plunger for holding thevalve open and for moving the plunger in one direction after the valvehas been opened and the pressure upon the cylinder removed.

3. The combination with the cylinder 2, of

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the plunger 27 arranged therein and provided Wlth a series ofairchambers 41, the valve 35 arranged to close the openingiu said cylinder,and connected with said plunger, springs 53 forming a positive,permanent connection be tween said valve and said plunger and the inletpipe 13.

4. The combination with the cylinder provided With the reciprocatingplunger 27 havlng the series of air chambers 41, of the valve 35 and itsstem 37 provided with a series of collars 47 49 and51,the springs 53forminga posltive, permanent connection between said valve'and saidplunger and the inlet pipe 13.

5. The combination with the cylinder, provided with the top having theair inlet opening and the air outlet opening, the fiat spring valvearranged beneath the inlet opening, the fiat spring valve arranged inthe chamber above the outlet opening, the long plunger having thechambers 4l and the chamber 44, the springs 53 fastened Within saidchambers 41, the valve 35, the seat therefor, the stem 37 provided withthe three stops 51, 49 and 47, the Water inlet 13 and the pipe nipples 9and 11, substantially as described.

n 6. Thecombination, with the cylinder having the open bottom, of theintermediate partition and Valve seat 29, the stop 39, the valve stem 37having the stops 47, 49 and 51, the valve 35, lugs thereon, the plungerto engage kthe stops on said spindle, the springs connectin gthe plungerwith the lugs on said valve, the Water inlet 13 between said partitionand the plunger, the closed top of said cylinder having the Valved airinlet and outlet openings,

a direct escape opening 57 and the gravity valve 5 9 arranged to beopened by the 'plunger when raised to permit the direct escape of thesmall body of compressed air above said plunger, all substantiallyas andfor the purpose specied'.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 6th day ofFebruary, 1892.

. JOHN GUSTAFSON. Witnesses:

E. W. HAVILAND, ROBT. D. LAIRD.

